Coke oven equipment



Oct. 13 1936.

o. H. WIL .$ON

COKE OVEN EQUIPMENT Filed Sept. 29, 1931 2 Sheets-'Shet l Filed Sept.29, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Os CAR h/ L/AK% M /M ATTORNEYSPatented Oct. 13, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENTA OFFICE COKE OVEN EQUIPMENTOscar Hilliard Wilson, Fairfield, Ala. Application September 29, 1931,Serial No. 565354 3 Claims.

This invention relates to coke ovens and more particularly to gaspressure equalizing means utilized therewith.

The main object of this invention is to pro-- vide means toautomatically equalize and contir'iously relieve the gas pressure in acoke oven during the charging of the oven with coal.

Another object of the device is to provide a means for entrapping andsaving gases which would otherwise escape during the charging of a cokeoven.

Other objects and advantages .will be apparent as the invention is morefully disclosed.

In accordance with the objects of this invention, I have devised a novelmeans set forth herein whereby the accumulated gas pressure at the endof a coke oven chamber are equalized and relieved thereby preventing thedestruction of freshly luted coke oven door seals, attendant gas leaks,burning of the gas !rom said leaks and consequent damage to oven ironworks.

Before further disclosing the nature and scope of the present invention,reference should be had to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

.Fig. 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a modern type of cokeoven chamber with a coal charging larry shown in its dischargingposition, showing an adaptation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional side elevation view ot the end hopper chutes andgates of a coal charging larry showing the connection of the end hopperchutes to an equalizing conduit or pipe;

Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation view of the intermediate hopperchutes and gates of a coal charging larry; c

Fig. 4 is a part plan and part cross sectional view taken along plane4-4 in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional end view of the coke oven taken along plane5--5 in Fig. 1.

Referring now to the drawings, Fig. 1 illustrates a modern type of. cokeoven equipment including an oven, a coal charging larry and an eover-head coal storage bin 3.

The coke oven shown comprises al top l through which charging holes ll,!2, l3 .and M extend, which holes are normally closed by a suitable castiron cover (not shown) when the larry car is removed from the positionindicated. The oven also comprises side, end and bottom walls which neednot'be speciflcally identified. Doors 9 and lfl fit into the end wallsand are hermetically sealed in any desired manner, but are usuallysealed with prepared clay. Numeral 8 is employed to identify the cokingchamber.

The coal charging larry shown is a conveyance by which the coal istransferred from the coal bins to the ovens for carbonizing. Its threeessential elements comprise the trucks 4, the frame 2 and the pluralityof hoppers 5A, 513, 5C and 5D. The number of hoppers will vary accordingto the design and dimensions of the oven that the larry is designed toserve. In the drawings four hoppers are shown and serve to illustratethe present invention. These hoppers are preferably conical in shape andhave suitable discharge gates 3l in the bottom thereof. Trucks 4,carrying frame 2 and hoppers 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D, are supported on wheels6 adapted to run on tracks 1. Means are provided (not shown) to propelthe larry along tracks 'I from the coal storage bin 3 to a positionabove the coke oven charging holes ll, [2, |3 and |4,'said means alsoservng to return the larry to coal storage bin for reloading.

When the coa1 is deposited into the coking chamber 8 and comes intosudden contact with the red hot oven walls thereof, a large amount ofgas is evolved. The 'means ordinarily provided to withdraw the gas thatis generated within an ovencomprises a conduit IS extending through thetop I to the interier of the oven and leading through suitable pipeconnections ll, a, !9 and 20 to a. gas main 2I. To control the admissionof gas into themain 2l, section 20 is equipped with a disc valve 22 andsection |9 is equipped with a. lid 23. Means such as steam jets 24 are Aprovided in conduit [6 to overcome the pressure maintained in main 2land to create a slight vacuum or suction which facilitates thewithdrawal of gases from the oven.

In the charging of :coke ovens the coal being charged therein formsmounds such as is indicated by dotted line 25 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 5), whichobstruct the charging openings ll to I 4 inclusive as well as the-direct passage of the coke oven gases to the conduit IS to such anextent that the gases in between' the mounds accumulate to a relativelyhigh pressure and tend to bleed oif through the charging openings H toM, inc1usive. This relative high pressure'creates a condition, which isnot only hazardous to the operator but also causes an appreciable lossin efficiency in the coke oven process. Moreover, the' high gas pressurein the pocket of chamber 8 which is on the oppositeend from conduit soften finds relief by destroying the seals around oven door o. When themounds are leveled off by means of arm 31 of a coke pusher mechanismthat is indicated, but not shown, as it is no part of, and isnotincluded within the scope of the present invention, the gas pockets areeliminated, gas pressures are equalized within the oven chamber itselfand the loss of oven gases by escape through the charging openings ll to[4 inclusive then may be stopped by replacing the cast iron covers (notshown) one at a time over the charging openings.

By my invention I eliminate the hazardous and troublesome accumulationof gas pressure within the oven by providing a pipe or conduit 36 whichis attached to and carried by the coal charging larry and which servesto by-pass gases from the end of chamber 8 farthest from conduit I 6 tothe end of chamber 8 nearest to conduit !6, around the obstructingmounds of coal, and,

back again into the oven, and from this end of the chamber 8 the gasesare readily carried off by the regular conduit .system I 6 into the gasmain 21. It is obvious with this by-pass conduit arrangement, that thepressure in pocket at end of chamber 8 farthest from conduit |6 isrelieved and equalized with the pressure in the pocket at end of chambernearest to conduit 16.

As a matter of convenience and in order to have as few openings throughthe oven top as possible, conduit 36 has been shown attached todischarge chutes of hoppers at each end of a charging larry and attachedin such manner that the discharge' chutes serve not only to dischargecoal from the hoppers but also they become a part of the conduit 36 whenthe gate valves of the end hoppers are closed. Thus the end chutes aremade to serve a two fold purpose.

In the specific embodiment illustrated, the Construction of anequalizing conduit utilizing the discharge chutes of end hoppers as partthereof is shown and disclosed as a. preferred design, but I do not wishto be limited thereby, for the reason that separate openings andconnections for an equalizing conduit may be made at each end of anoven.

Referring to the drawings, Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate two types of larrydischarge chutes both having gates therein. Flg. 2 shows a preferredarrangement for connecting conduit 36 to the discharge chutes of endhoppers while Fig. 3 shows an arrangement of hopper discharge chuteswhich have no connection with conduit 36, but which are otherwiseoperatively identical to the chute shown in Flg. 2.

In Figs. 2 and 3, the hopper 5 is supported upon base 30 at the bottomof which is located a valve gate 3| actuated from a platform on charginglarry by a series of levers and rods (not shown). Attached to the bottomof base 38 is a discharging chute comprising a cylindrical sleeve member32 which carries a slidable ring 33 in turn can'ying a ring 'seal member34 adapted to engage and seal the charging hole opening l I from. theatmosphere. Means 48 including suitable levers and rods (not enumeratedspeciflcally) and counter balance 4| are provided to raise and lower thering seal 34.

In the wall of the sleeve member 32 of Fig. 2, I provide an opening 36,which is connected by suitable pipe connections to pressure equalizingconduit 36. Clean out means for pipe connectlons such as indicated at 38are provided as may be necessary.

Before charging an oven, the doors 8 and I 8 which have been removed inthe operation of pushing coke from an oven are replaced in position andluted, lid 23 which has been opened is closed. The loaded coal charginglarry having been brouht to its discharging position over the and lowersdischarge chutes for all hoppers.

charging holes in top of oven, the operator descends from his platformon the larry to the top of ovens and singly removes a charging holecover following this action by lowering the discharge chute of thehopper over the uncovered hole by lever means 40. He thus removes coversdoing this the hoppers are connected to charging holes andare ready tobe discharged. At the same time the two ends of the oven chamber 8 areconnected through the discharging chute for hopper 5A, the conduit 36,and the discharging chute for hopper 5D, thus providing a completedconduit for equalizing gas pressures within the oven chamber 8. Steam isnow supplied to steam jets 24 and valve 22 which has been closed isopened.

It is not required that the discharging chutes of all hoppers beconnected to equalizing conduit 36 for it has been found in actualpractice quite sufficient for the purposes intended to connect only thetwo discharging chutes at the ends of chamber 8 as is herein illustratedand described. This arrangement relieves at once any high pressure ofgas in the pocket at end of chamber 8 f urthest from conduit I6, whethersaid pressure is caused by expanding gases from the coal or bycombustion of gases within the oven chamber.

With all of the discharging chutes lowered into position over chargingholes it is obvious that air is largely prevented from entering the ovenchamber. After the operator has lowered all the discharging chutes, heascends to his platform on the larry and by means of levers and rodsattached to valve gates 3l opens' said gates one at a time and the coalin each hopper is allowed to flow from the hopper into the oven chamber.When the coal is all out of a particular hopper the valve gate is closedin order to prevent escape of gases through the hopper. It has beenfound in actual practice desirable to discharge the hoppers SA, 5D, 5Band 5C in the order named. After all of the hoppers are emptied in themanner described, the coal in the oven chamber is leveled by arm 31 andthe pressure equalizing conduit 36 is no longer necessary. When the coalin oven chamber has been leveled, the operator then proceeds to singlyrase the discharging chutes for each hopper, and to place cast ironcovers over the charging holes. The charging larry is then moved fromover the charging holes, operator seals the lids of charging holes andturns oi! steam from jets 24.

Electrical connections, indicated at 42 on drawings are such that thecharging larry cannot be moved until all of the discharge chutes havebeen raised, but when they are raised the larry may be moved along itstrack as may be desired.

By the above description it is intended to show that my inventiondirectly equalizes and relieves gas pressures in anoven chamber, andincidently saves gases that have been wasted in coke oven practiceheretofore which saving of gases also eliminates the smoke nuisance.

I am aware that -somewhat similararrangements have heretofore been usedto carry smoke away from the charging holes of a coke oven chamber, butso far as I know in all such arrangements the gases are wasted, and moveonly in one direction out from the oven chamber into a smoke main. Instriking contrast the gases and smoke from an oven chamber equipped withv oven chamber into said equalizing conduit 76 through a certaincharging hole and back again into the oven chamber through a certainother charging hole in response to varying pressures within the ovenchamber at the charging holes where the equalizing conduit is connectedto the oven chamber.

An especial advantage in cost of Construction of the equalizing conduitof this invention over the somewhat similar arrangements heretofore usedfor carrying smoke away from an oven chamber is that no apparatus otherthan the simple conduit attached to a chargng larry is required.

An especial advantage in cost of operation of the equalizing conduit ofthis invention over the somewhat similar arrangements heretofore usedfor carrying smoke away from an oven chamber, is that no specialconnections to a smoke main or other mains have to be made and broken.

It is to be understood that modifications and departures may bemade inthe specific embodiment disclosed herein which do not essentially departfrom the nature and scope thereof-and which are encompassed within thefollowing claims:

What I claim is:

1. A coke oven having a gas main and an offtake pipe connecting saidoven near one end to said gas main and means to' create a suction fromsaid oven into said off-take pipe, said oven having a number of chargingopenings spaced lengthwise thereof, and a larry car having a number ofcoal charging hoppers and discharge passages, one for each of saidcharging openings, and having a conduit connected at one point to adischarge passage remote from said off-take pipe and at another point toa discharge passage near said off-take pipe and forming a closed circuitbetween said discharge passages, whereby gases evolved in said oven at adistance from said gas main are conducted to a portion of said ovenadjacent said main.

2. A coke oven having a gas main, an off-take pipe connecting said ovennear one end thereot to said gas main, and means to create a suctionfrom said oven .into said ont-take pipe, said oven having a number ofcharging openings spaced lengthwise thereof, and a larry car having anumber of coal charging hoppers and discharge passages, one for each ofsaid charging openings and having a conduit connected at one end to adischarge passage distant from said ofl-take pipe and at its oppositeend to a discharge passage near said off-take pipe and forming 'a closedcircuit between said discharge passages whereby gases evolved in saidoven at a distance from said main are conducted to a portion of saidoven adjacent said main.

3. A coke oven having a gas main and an ofitake pipe connecting saidoven near one end to said gas main and means to create a suction fromsaid oven into said oti-take pipe, said oven having a number of chargingopenings spaced lengthwis e thereof, and a larry car having a number ofcoal 'charging hoppers and discharge passages, one for each of saidcharging openings and having a conduit connected at one end to thedischarge passage most remote from said ofl-take pipe and at itsopposite end to a discharge passage nearest said off-take pipe andforming a closed circuit between said discharge passages whereby gasesevolved in said oven at a distance from said gas main 'are conducted toa portion of said oven adjacent said main.

OSCAR HILLIARD WILSON.

